Showing posts with label TIPS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label TIPS. Show all posts

Are Your Passwords Strong Enough



Password is a security that can be used to protect one's account.But now a days these passwords can be easily hacked by ethical hackers easily or even by normal persons.This can happen because of


  • using the same password for more days.

  • Choosing a normal password.

  • using the same password for every websites.


Research on Password hacking have found out that people tend to use Normal password which is easily breakable.Normal Passwords are similar to these kind of words and numbers like



  1. "password"

  2. "qwerty"

  3. "1234"



Some people tend to keep their favourite actress or favourite films as their passwords.

Generally a Password should not contain any of these listed below:


Your Birth Date

Your Marriage Date

Your husband Name

Your Child Name

Follow these steps to protect your account



  1. Change your password regularly atleast once every three months.

  2. You should use a different password for each website or each account that you access.


Sunday, 4 December 2011 | posted in , | 0 comments [ More ]

How to reset root password in Ubuntu 10.10

In Linux and Unix, there is a SuperUser named Root but in windows Root is Administrators group. The SuperUser can do anything and everything, and thus doing daily work as the SuperUser can be dangerous. You could type a command incorrectly and destroy the system. Ideally, you run as a user that has only the privileges needed for the task at hand. In some cases, this is necessarily Root, but most of the time it is a regular user.

Reset Ubuntu Password:

To reset Ubuntu password follow the steps, it is very simple and easy to reset the password.

1. Reboot your machine and press alternatively shift+esc key. Now the grub menu will display.

2. Select the recovery mode from grub menu.



3. Now press 'e' to edit the grub menu and find out ro single



4. From the editing window replace ro single to rw init=/bin/bash



5. Now press ctrl+x. Now it will direct you into root directory without knowing the root password.



6. Change the root password by using the command given below.

passwd root



7. Now reboot your machine by the command given below.

reboot-f



8. Now Login as root and Enjoy ..............!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Friday, 25 November 2011 | posted in , | 0 comments [ More ]

Install Wordpress in Windows 7

WordPress is a web software you can used to create your own beautiful website or blog. WordPress is free and priceless software, it is very easy to use.

Install WordPress in Windows 7 (Local host)

To install word press in local host or in windows follow the steps given bellow.

1. Download and Install Xampp on windows. Click here to download Xampp from official website. For installation follow the screen short given below.



2. After installation, console (“cmd.exe”) will pop up automatically. Read carefully and type y for Yes or n for No, according to your installation choices.


3. Start XAMPP by clicking xampp-control.exe and start the Apache and MySQL services.





4. . Now open browser, go to http://localhost/xampp. Welcome screen of xampp will open as shown in the below figure. In the welcome xampp screen click phpmyadmin.



5. Now create a database (in my case I created nijesh) and also select the other two options (utf8_unicode_ci & utf8_general_ci) as same as shown in the below figure.

6. Now download Word Press, click here to download word press.

7. After downloading word press extract word press.zip file in the directory shown below,

C:\xampp\htdocs



8. Now, rename wp-config-sample.php to wp-config.php. wp-config-sample file is in this directory(C:\xampp\htdocs\wordpress). Now open the file and find ‘DB_NAME’. Now, write your database name that you created in place of wordpress, listed out there as shown in the below figure.



9. Now head over to http://localhost/wordpress/wp-admin/install.php and complete the WordPress Installation.

10. Fill all the details as shown below.

Now word press is ready to use ...... !!

Sunday, 20 November 2011 | posted in , | 1 comments [ More ]

Update Firefox to 8.0 in Ubuntu 10.10

In Ubuntu 10.10 the default version of Firefox browser is Firefox 4.0. To update Firefox to 8.0 in Ubuntu 10.10 follow the steps given below.

1. System --> Synaptic Package Manager --> Settings --> Repositors



2.Select Other Software tab --> Click Add a dialog box open as given below.



Type the following code and click Add Source.

ppa:mozillateam/firefox-stable

3. Reload the Synaptic Package Manager and Search for Firefox, Select Mark for Upgrade.



4.Now you can enjoy the Firefox 8.0.

Saturday, 19 November 2011 | posted in , | 1 comments [ More ]

An Intresting Shell Script

A Shell Script to print the Chess pattern on the terminal.


  • $ vi chessboard

  • for (( i = 1; i <= 9; i++ )) ### Outer for loop ###

  • do

  • for (( j = 1 ; j <= 9; j++ )) ### Inner for loop ###

  • do

  • tot=`expr $i + $j`

  • tmp=`expr $tot % 2`

  • if [ $tmp -eq 0 ]; then

  • echo -e -n "\033[47m "

  • else

  • echo -e -n "\033[40m "

  • fi

  • done

  • echo -e -n "\033[40m" #### set back background colour to black

  • echo "" #### print the new line ###

  • done


 

Run the above script as follows:

$ chmod +x chessboard

$ ./chessboard

 

 

OUTPUT:



 

 

Sunday, 13 November 2011 | posted in , | 0 comments [ More ]

Run Google Chrome as Root in Ubuntu 11.10

Google Chrome does not run in Ubuntu as root, while run Google Chrome as root it will display a error message as shown below.




To run Google Chrome as root in Ubuntu follow the steps given below.

1. Open the file google-chrome in any text editor.

/opt/google/chrome/google-chrome

2. Remove the last line as given below.

exec -a "$0" "$HERE/chrome" "$@"

3. At the same place add the line given below.

exec -a "$0" "$HERE/chrome" "$@" --user-data-dir $HOME

Now save the file and open Google Chrome, it will run asroot.



Enjoy .............!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Saturday, 12 November 2011 | posted in , | 2 comments [ More ]

Shutdown System Automatically in Ubuntu

In this post we can see how to shutdown the system automatically, ie daily at particular time or once in a week days or once in a month. To shutdown the system follow the steps given below.

1. First need to install a package. The package can installed by using terminal.

sudo apt-get install cron

2. Open text editor and write the script as given below,

Shutdown Daily

To shutdown the system daily, copy and past the script in text editor and save file name as root in the directory given below.

/var/spool/cron/crontabs/filename

# minutes  hrs, dayofmonth, month, dayofweek command

55 13   *  * * /sbin/shutdown -h now

The above code will shutdown the system daily at 1:00 Pm.

Shutdown Weekly once

To shutdown the system once in a week, copy and past the script in text editor and save file name as root in the directory given above.

# minutes  hrs, dayofmonth, month, dayofweek command

00 13  *  * 0 /sbin/shutdown -h now

The machine will shutdown every Sunday 1:00 Pm.

Same as Sunday we can shutdown the machine Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday and Sunday. For this change the value from 0 to 6 for this in the same script.

00 13  *  * 0 /sbin/shutdown -h now #shutdown Sunday at 1:00 Pm

55 8   *  * 1 /sbin/shutdown -h now #shutdown Monday at 8:55 Am

55 3  *  * 2 /sbin/shutdown -h now #shutdown Tuesday at 3:55 Am

55 3  *  * 3 /sbin/shutdown -h now #shutdown Wednesday at 3:55 Am

55 6  *  * 4 /sbin/shutdown -h now #shutdown Thursday at 6:55 Am

55 4  *  * 5 /sbin/shutdown -h now #shutdown Friday at 4:55 Am

55 2  *  * 6 /sbin/shutdown -h now #shutdown Saturday at 2:55 Am

the value range from 0 - 6,

0 -----> Sunday

1 -----> Monday

2 -----> Tuesday

3 -----> Wednesday

4 -----> Thursday

5 -----> Friday

6 -----> Saturday

Note :

1. The file name must named as root.

2. Save the root file in the directory given below

/var/spool/cron/crontabs/

Thursday, 10 November 2011 | posted in , | 0 comments [ More ]

Basic Ubuntu Commands

1. Enable Root in Ubuntu

To enable root directory execute the following command in terminal.

sudo passwd root

2. Add New User

To add a new user account execute the following command in terminal.

sudo adduser username

3. Delete User Account

To delete the user account execute the following command in terminal.

sudo deluser username

4. Lock/Unlock the User Account

To lock the user account execute the following command in terminal.

sudo passwd -l username

To Unlock the user account execute the following command in terminal.

sudo passwd -u username

5. Change Permission for File

chmod is a Unix command that lets you tell the system how much (or little) access it should permit to a file. To change the permission you must login in root using su on terminal.

chmod 700 /directory/filename

6. Change Permission for Connection Editor

You can set permission to connection editor using chmod command. To change the permission you must login in root using su on terminal.

chmod 700 /usr/bin/nm-connection-editor

You can remove permission for connection editor by executing the following command in terminal.

chmod 777 /usr/bin/nm-connection-editor

7. Change Permission for Media

You can set permission to media using chmod command. To change the permission you must login in root using su on terminal. After executing the command all the USB connections are get locked.

chmod 700 /media/

You can remove permission for media by executing the following command in terminal.

chmod 777 /media/

8. Change Permission for Appearance

You can set permission to appearance using chmod command. To change the permission you must login in root using su on terminal. After executing the following command desktop background cannot be changed in normal user.

chmod 700 /usr/bin/gnome-appearance-properties/

9. Change Permission for Screensaver 
You can set permission to screensaver  using chmod command. To change the permission you must login in root using su on terminal. After executing the following command screensaver cannot be changed in normal user.

chmod 700 /usr/bin/gnome-screensaver-preferences/

10. Change Permission for Keyboard

You can set permission to keyboard preference  using chmod command. To change the permission you must login in root using su on terminal. After executing the following command keyboard preference cannot be changed in normal user.

chmod 700 /usr/bin/gnome-keyboard-properties

Wednesday, 9 November 2011 | posted in , | 2 comments [ More ]

TurnKey Linux Virtual Appliance Library


The Turnkey Linux Virtual Appliance Library is an open source project developing a free virtual appliance library of pre-packaged servers based on Ubuntu that can be deployed on virtual machines, in cloud computing infrastructures or installed in physical computers.


Each virtual appliance is a ready-to-use solution that's optimized for ease of use in server-type usage scenarios.Each appliance is designed to "just work" with little to no configuration required.


The project currently maintains 40 virtual appliances, which are packaged in multiple build formats:




  1. Amazon Machine Image: provisioned on-demand via the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud.

  2. Virtual appliance: a ready-to-run VMDK disk image with OVF support. Does not require installation.

  3. Installable Live CD: an ISO image which installs on both bare metal (I.e., a non-virtualized physical machine) and virtual machines, including VMware, Xen, VirtualBox, and KVM. This image can also run live in non-persistent demo mode.


Pre-integrated server applications include LAMP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MySQL, MediaWiki, Domain controller, File server, Ruby on Rails, phpBB, and many others.

Saturday, 5 November 2011 | posted in , | 1 comments [ More ]

Top 10 S/W Companies



1. Tata Consultancy Services

The Indian software industry is set to keep up its growth rate despite the slowdown in the economy. The National Association of Software and Services Companies (Nasscom) has forecast a strong outlook for FY08-09 strong with software and services revenue seen growing by 21-24 per cent. The software and services exports are set to hit the $50 billion-mark.


2. Wipro

What started off as a hydrogenated cooking fat company, Wipro is today is a $5 billion revenue generating IT, BPO and R&D services organisation with presence in over 50 countries.


3. Infosys

Infosys Technologies Ltd was started in 1981 by seven people with $250. Today, the company boasts of revenues of over $ 4 billion and 94,379 employees.


4. Mahindra satyam

Established in 1987 by Ramalinga Raju, Satyam has a staff strength of 51,000 employees. In 2008, the company's revenues crossed the $ 2-billion mark.


5. HCL Technologies

HCL is a leading global technology player with annual revenues of $4.9 billion. The HCL Enterprise comprises two companies listed in India, HCL Technologies and HCL Infosystems. Founded in 1976, HCL is one of 'India's original IT garage start ups'.


6. Tech Mahindra

Tech Mahindra was incorporated as a joint venture between Mahindra & Mahindra and BT plc in 1986 under the name of 'Mahindra-British Telecom'.


7. Patni Computer Systems

Patni Computer Systems Ltd one of the leading global providers of information technology services and business solutions. The company has clients across the Americas, Europe and Asia-Pacific locations.


8. i-flex Solutions

iflex started as a division of Citicorp (now Citigroup), wholly owned subsidiary called Citicorp Overseas Software Ltd. (COSL) in 1991. Later, a separate company Citicorp Information Technologies Industries Ltd. (CITIL) was formed and Rajesh Hukku was appointed as its head.


9. MphasiS

MphasiS Limited was formed in June 2000 after the merger of the US-based IT consulting company MphasiS Corporation (founded in 1998) and the Indian IT services company BFL Software Limited (founded in 1993).


10. L&T Infotech

L&T Infotech is a global IT services and solutions provider. It is a subsidiary company of is Larsen & Toubro Ltd. (L&T), an engineering, manufacturing and construction conglomerate, with global operations.


Thursday, 20 October 2011 | posted in , | 1 comments [ More ]

Displacement Sensor

Definition:

Displacement sensor is use to sense and measure the displacement of the object.



Principle:

Light is sent through a transmitting fiber and is made to fall on a moving target.The reflected beam from the target is sensed by a detector with respect to intensity of light reflected from it and hence the displacement of the target is measured.


Construction:

This type of sensor consists of a bundle of transmitting fibers coupled to a laser source and a bundle of receving fibers coupled to a detector as shown below.


Working:


To measure the displacement of the target,first light from the source is transmitted through the transmitting fiber and it is made to fall on the moving target.


The reflected beam from the target is made to pass through the receiving fiber and this light is detected by the detector.The intensity of the light received back depends on the displacement of the target.


If received intensity increases,it indicates thatthe target is moving towards the sensor.But if the intensity of light received inceases,it indicates that the target is moving away from the sensor.


Thus the displacement of the target can be measured from the intensity of the light received.

Thursday, 22 September 2011 | posted in , | 0 comments [ More ]

Temperature Sensor



Temperature sensor is a sensor used to sense and measure the temperature of an object.

Principle:

The operation of the temperature sensor is based on the light absorption characteristics of silicon as a function of temperature.The absorption of light by the silicon layers varies with temperature and the variation modulates the intensity of the light received at the detector.


Construction:

The fiber is coated at one end with a thin silicon layer.This silicon layer is coated with a reflective coating at the back.The light source is connected into the fibre from one of its ends.The detector is used to receive the reflected signal from silicon layer.A simple thermometer can be built using LED as a light source and a photodetector to measures the intensity of light.


Working:

When the light is passed through the fiber from the source and the light after reflecting from the silicon layer returns to a detector.During this process,light is absorbed by the silicon layer.The absorption of light by silicon layer varies with temperature and this variation modulates the intensity of the light received at the detector. A Photodetector is used to measure the intensity of light and temperature is sensed.Temperature int the range from 80 degree to 700 degree celsius is measured using this technique.

Tuesday, 20 September 2011 | posted in , | 0 comments [ More ]

Fibre-optic Sensors

FIBRE-OPTIC SENSORS

                          One of the most exciting applications of optical fibres is fibre-optic sensors.A Sensor is transducer which converts one form of energy(physical variable) into another.The Sensors find wide applications in sensing and measuring acoustic fields,magnetic fields,current, rotation,acceleration, strain,presure,temperature and so on.
alt=
TYPES OF SENSORS
There are two types of Sensors.They are


1.Intrinsic Sensors (or) Active sensors
2.Extrinsic Sensor (or)Passive sensors

1.Intrinsic Sensors(or) Active Sensors:

In intrinsic sensors(or)active sensors,the physical parameter to be sensed directly acts on the fibre itself to produce the changes in the transmission characteristics.
alt=
Examples
I)Pressure sensors(Phase and polarization sensor)
II)Liquid level sensor

 2.Extrinsic sensors(or)Passive sensors:
In extrinsic sensors(or) passive sensors,separate sensing element is used and the fibre acts as a guiding media to the sensors.


Examples:
alt=
I)Displacment sensor and
II)Laser doppler velocimeter sensor

Monday, 19 September 2011 | posted in , | 2 comments [ More ]

Nokia Morph

Nokia Morph - A concept phone with the use of nanotechnology


Nokia Research Centre (NRC) and the University of Cambridge have developed a nanotechnology concept device, called the Morph, which was introduced today. The new device will be on display in The Museum of Modern Arts (MoMA) in New York, from February 24 to May 12, 2008.


The Morph is intended to demonstrate the flexibility of future mobile devices, in regards to their shape and form allowing the users to transform them according to their preference. It also suggests that transparent electronics and self-cleaning surfaces might be what the future holds.



Parts (elements) of Morph could be commercially available for use in other mobile devices within 7 years. Due to the initial high price for manufacturing those, they will be suitable for high-end devices.


Saturday, 17 September 2011 | posted in , | 0 comments [ More ]